JAMB Biology Past Questions and Answers

 

20 Biology questions with options and answers:

 

Question: What is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms?

 

A. Cell

B. Tissue

C. Organ

D. Organism

Answer: A. Cell

 

Question: Which organelle is responsible for energy production in a eukaryotic cell?

 

A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondrion

C. Endoplasmic reticulum

D. Golgi apparatus

Answer: B. Mitochondrion

 

Question: What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?

 

A. Respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Fermentation

D. Transpiration

Answer: B. Photosynthesis

 

Question: What is the function of red blood cells in the human body?

 

A. Transporting oxygen

B. Fighting infections

C. Producing antibodies

D. Clotting blood

Answer: A. Transporting oxygen

 

Question: The DNA in eukaryotic cells is found in which organelle?

 

A. Nucleus

B. Ribosome

C. Mitochondrion

D. Vacuole

Answer: A. Nucleus

 

Question: Which of the following is a function of the human respiratory system?

 

A. Pumping blood

B. Exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

C. Digesting food

D. Filtering waste

Answer: B. Exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

 

Question: What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

 

A. Transport of nutrients

B. Regulation of temperature

C. Speeding up chemical reactions

D. Providing structural support

Answer: C. Speeding up chemical reactions

 

Question: In genetics, what does DNA stand for?

 

A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid

B. Ribonucleic Acid

C. Dihydroxy Nitrogen Atom

D. Deoxyribose Nucleotide Assembly

Answer: A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid

 

Question: What is the primary function of the human nervous system?

 

A. Regulating body temperature

B. Controlling voluntary and involuntary actions

C. Producing hormones

D. Digesting food

Answer: B. Controlling voluntary and involuntary actions

 

Question: Which structure is responsible for filtering and cleaning the blood in the human excretory system?

 

A. Liver

B. Kidney

C. Lungs

D. Stomach

Answer: B. Kidney

 

Question: What is the purpose of mitosis in cell division?

 

A. Genetic diversity

B. Growth and repair

C. Production of gametes

D. Energy production

Answer: B. Growth and repair

 

Question: What is the primary function of the chloroplast in plant cells?

 

A. Cellular respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Protein synthesis

D. Lipid storage

Answer: B. Photosynthesis

 

Question: In the process of evolution, what does natural selection act upon?

 

A. Acquired traits

B. Random mutations

C. Inherited characteristics

D. Environmental changes

Answer: C. Inherited characteristics

 

Question: What is the purpose of the endocrine system in the human body?

 

A. Producing antibodies

B. Regulating metabolism through hormones

C. Pumping blood

D. Breaking down food particles

Answer: B. Regulating metabolism through hormones

 

Question: Which of the following is a renewable source of energy found in cells?

 

A. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

B. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

C. RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

D. NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

Answer: A. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

 

Question: What is the main function of white blood cells in the human immune system?

 

A. Carrying oxygen

B. Fighting infections

C. Transporting nutrients

D. Clotting blood

Answer: B. Fighting infections

 

Question: Which of the following is a characteristic of a mammal?

 

A. Cold-blooded

B. Lays eggs

C. Has mammary glands

D. Scales on the skin

Answer: C. Has mammary glands

 

Question: What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

 

A. Synthesizing proteins

B. Modifying and packaging proteins

C. Producing energy

D. Storing genetic information

Answer: B. Modifying and packaging proteins

 

Question: Which process involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

 

A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. DNA replication

D. Transcription

Answer: B. Meiosis

 

Question: What is the function of the stomata in plant leaves?

 

A. Absorbing sunlight

B. Exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

C. Storing water

D. Transporting nutrients

Answer: B. Exchanging gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide).